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District courts are courts of first instance that adjudicate mainly in criminal and civil matters that are not within the jurisdiction of local courts. In addition, district courts decide on disputes arising from family relationships, economic disputes and disputes on intellectual property rights, adjudicate on criminal offences by minors, decide on allowing interference with human rights and fundamental freedoms, and manage the court register.

In district courts, proceedings are conducted and decisions are adopted by a single judge or a panel of one professional judge and two lay judges or exceptionally by a panel consisting of one judge as the president of the panel and one judge and three lay judges as members of the panel.

In Slovenia, there are 11 district courts.